Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal). Tropical; 12°N - 0°S, 72°W - 48°W
Western Atlantic: Venezuela to mouth of the Amazon River, Brazil.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3265); common length : 50.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3265); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 15.0 kg (Ref. 5217)
deskripsi pendek
Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 1. The head is flattened on top. The snout is short and large and transversally truncated. Mouth terminal, the lower jaw is the same length or slightly longer than the superior jaw. It has three pairs of barbels (1 pair maxillary barbels, 2 pairs of mandibular barbels) (Ref. 35381).
Occurs in coastal waters and river estuaries. Found on shallow muddy bottoms (Ref. 5217). Reproduction seems to occur twice a year, in April and in October. The female lays 20-25 eggs measuring 12-15 mm. Mouth-brooding by the males lasts 10-12 days (Ref. 35381). Marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 5217).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Taylor, W.R. and N.A. Menezes, 1978. Ariidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). volume 1. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3265)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Traumatogenic (Ref. 58010)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
informasi lanjut
Nama-nama umumSinonim (persamaan)metabolismePemangsaEkotoksikologiReproduksi, perkembang biakanKematanganPemijahanSpawning aggregationFecunditytelur-telurpekembangan telor
Umur / SaizPertumbuhanpanjang-beratpanjang-panjangukuran frekuensiMorfometrikMorfologiLarvaDinamika larvapemulihanKelimpahanBRUVS
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00269 - 0.01023), b=3.11 (2.94 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 76.8 [40.1, 164.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.91 [0.56, 1.59] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [15.1, 18.6] %; Omega3 = 0.149 [0.084, 0.263] g/100g; Selenium = 63.2 [31.4, 136.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.7 [9.5, 63.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.992 [0.662, 1.557] mg/100g (wet weight);