分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性. 熱帶; 21°C - 30°C (Ref. 36880); 37°N -
Central and South America: Pacific drainages from Baja California, Mexico to Peru.
中美洲與南美洲: 來自墨西哥的下加利福尼亞到祕魯的太平洋的流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 33.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9114); 最大体重: 1.6 kg (Ref. 4699)
Body oblong, somewhat compressed, and not deep (depth contained 3.1 to 3.8 times in standard length); mouth large, terminal, and almost horizontal, its posterior edge located at the same level as the anterior rim of the eye; first gill arch with 7 to 9 gill rakers; dorsal fin notched, with 12 to 13 spines and 12 soft rays (XII-XIII, 12); pectoral fins short, not reaching distal edge of pelvic fins; second anal spine longer and thicker than third; back olive green; belly silvery; entire body iridescent (Ref. 55763).
身体长方形, 略微扁长形的, 而且不深的;(深度包含了 3.1 到 3.8 倍标准的长度) 嘴大的﹐末端的﹐与几乎水平, 它的后缘位于了那高度与眼的前面边缘相同; 第一个鳃弓有 7 到 9个鳃耙; 背鳍凹槽, 藉由 12 到 13根棘与 12个软鳍条;(12 XIII 的, 12) 胸鳍短, 不达到腹鳍的末梢部边缘; 第二臀鳍棘更长与更厚超过第三; 背面橄榄绿色的; 腹面银色的; 整个的身体彩虹色的.(参考文献 55763)
Benthic-pelagic species of coastal waters which may enter rivers (Ref. 55763). Apparently confined to fresh waters, ascending rivers with moderate currents (Ref. 9114). More abundant near the outlets of rivers and creeks, but not in brackish or marine waters. Reaches at least 640 m elevation and inhabits currents of low to moderate velocity. Feed on crustaceans and fish (Ref. 36880). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9114).
底栖的-可能进入河的沿岸水域的大洋性鱼种.(参考文献 55763) 显然地局限于淡水了, 溯溪且水流平稳的地方.(参考文献 9114) 更丰富的在河与小溪的出口附近, 但是不在半咸淡水或海洋中。 达到最少 640 公尺海拔而且居住于低到中速度的水流。 捕食甲壳类动物和鱼类。 (参考文献 36880) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 9114)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).中美洲與南美洲: 來自墨西哥的下加利福尼亞到祕魯的太平洋的流域。
McKay, R.J. and M. Schneider, 1995. Haemulidae. Burros, corocoros, chulas, gallinazos, roncos. p. 1136-1173. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9114)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 27.1, mean 25.9 °C (based on 10 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00528 - 0.01575), b=2.91 (2.77 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
