分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes)
鯰形目 (Catfishes) >
Trichomycteridae (Pencil or parasitic catfishes)
毛鼻鯰科 (Pencil or parasitic catfishes) > Trichomycterinae
Etymology: Trichomycterus: Greek, thrix = hair + Greek, mykter, -eros = nose (Ref. 45335); maracaya: The specific name maracaya (also mbaracaya) is a Tupi-Guarani Amerindian name for the margay wild cat (Leopardus wiedii), an allusion both to the blotched pigmentation pattern of this species and its predatory habits on vertebrates (tadpoles)..
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 1 m (Ref. 51380). 熱帶
South America: Rio Pardo drainage, upper Rio Paraná, southeastern Brazil.
南美洲: Rio Pardo 流域, Rio Parana ，巴西東南方上游。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.1 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 51380)
簡短描述
型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
脊椎骨: 42. Belongs to the Trichomycterus brasiliensis species-complex based on the possession of the following apomorphic characters unique in Trichomycterus: four longitudinal rows of well-defined blotches formed by very dense concentration of dark chromatophores in the deeper layer of skin; and pectoral fin with I+5-6 rays. Members of this putative clade, except T. iheringi, may be further distinguished from other species of Trichomycterus
in having the bases of the pelvic fins very close to each other, sometimes in contact. Differs from the remaining species of Trichomycterus (except T. brasiliensis and T. potschi) in retaining the primordial epiphyseal cartilaginous bar separating the anterior and posterior cranial fontanels even in larger individuals. Distinguished further from other species of the T. brasiliensis species-complex and from all congeners in the following putative autapomorphies: row of blotches on lateral surface not forming a lateral stripe in any stage during ontogeny; and superficial layer of pigmentation of juveniles and larger, presumably adult, specimens formed by scattered chromatophores (Ref. 51380).
屬於 巴西毛鼻鯰〔Trichomycterus brasiliensis〕 複合種為依據擁有下列的 apomorphic 特徵獨特的在 Trichomycterus 中: 四縱列的很清晰在皮膚的較深的層中被由深色色素胞的非常密集集中形成的斑塊; 而且胸鰭有 I+5-6 鰭條。 這個想像的進化枝的成員, 除 T. iheringi, 可能是進一步與其他種的 Trichomycterus 區分
有腹鰭基底鰭彼此非常接近, 有時接觸在一起。 在保有原始的 epiphyseal 軟骨的橫帶甚至在較大的個體中分開前面與後面的頭蓋囟門方面有別於 Trichomycterus(除了 T. brasiliensis 與 T. potschi 以外) 的剩餘種。 區別進一步從其他種的 T. brasiliensis 複合種與從所有的同類在下列的想像 autapomorphies 中: 在側面的表面上的斑塊的列在個體發生的時候在任何的階段中不形成一條側面的斑紋; 而且稚魚的顏色的表面層與比較大的, 成魚 , 標本由分散的色素胞形成了可能.(參考文獻 51380)
描述: Dorsal fin rays ii+2+7, 很少地 iii+3+7. 臀鰭棘條 ii+2+5 ， iii+2+5. 胸鰭鰭條 I+6, 很少地 I+7. 腹鰭鰭條 I+4.(參考文獻 51380)
A rheophilic species which dwells on limonite rocky bottom streamlet with pebbles and sand, and pools with muddy bottom and accumulated plant debris. Crepuscular and nocturnal, it forages on the bottom and picks mostly benthic prey. Feeds on immature aquatic insects (ephemeropterans, trichopterans, and plecopterans) with larger individuals preying on small tadpoles (Ref. 51380).
住在褐鐵礦上岩石的底部小溪的一個急流生物種且有小圓石的地方與沙子 , 與水池用泥底部而且累積了植物殘枝。 晨昏而夜行的, 它捕食底部而且剔啄大部份底棲的獵物。 吃不成熟的水生昆蟲 (ephemeropterans ，毛翅目昆蟲與 plecopterans) 有較大的捕食小的蝌蚪的個體.(參考文獻 51380)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
南美洲: Rio Pardo 流域, Rio Parana ，巴西東南方上游。
Bockmann, F.A. and I. Sazima, 2004. Trichomycterus maracaya, a new catfish from the upper rio Paraná, southeastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with notes on the T. brasiliensis species-complex. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 2(2):651-74. (Ref. 51380)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 November 2018
人類使用
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合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00355 - 0.02043), b=2.93 (2.74 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming Fec < 100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
