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Chondrostei >
Acipenseriformes (Sturgeons and paddlefishes) >
Polyodontidae (Paddlefishes)
Etymology: Psephurus: Greek, psephas, -aos = dark + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 117880). 亚热带的
Asia: China, endemic to the Yangtze River and its tributaries.
亚洲: 中国, 长江与它的支流的特有种。 国际间的买卖限制 ( CITES2, 自从 1.4.98 以后; CMS 附录 2).
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 28581); 最大体重: 300.0 kg (Ref. 28581)
Head very long, snout extraordinarily long, pointed and paddle-like and base broad; mouth very large.
头部非常长的, 吻特别长,尖的与像桨一样与基底宽的; 嘴非常大的。
This species is considered anadromous for it spends at least part of its life in the sea and migrates upriver to reproduce. It occurs in broad surfaced main streams of large rivers, usually staying in the middle and lower layers of the water column and occasionally swims into large lakes. Spawning period is in March and April with spawning sites located in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River but was also reported to take place in the lower Jinsha River between Shuifu and Yibin (Ref. 117880). It grows to 3 m in length and 300 kg in weight (Ref. 28581). Reported length of 7 m SL (Ref. 6866) and 500 kg weight (Ref. 4537, 58490) are doubtful (Paxton, pers. comm.). Piscivorous throughout most of its life. Threatened due to over harvesting and habitat loss (Ref. 58490). Expected number of mature individuals in the wild, less than 50, but more extensive surveys are needed across its range to confirm its existence; last seen in 2003 (Ref. 117880).
生长到 3 公尺长与 300 公斤重.(参考文献 28581) 7 公尺 SL(参考文献 6866) 与 500 公斤重量 (参考文献 4537) 的报告长度是可疑的 (Paxton , pers. comm.)。 以鱼为食的它生命中的大部分时间。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
亚洲: 中国, 长江与它的支流的特有种。 国际间的买卖限制 ( CITES2, 自从 1.4.98 以后; CMS 附录 2).
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.2500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00192 - 0.01311), b=3.10 (2.88 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=5-15).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).