Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 120 - 600 m (Ref. 27121), usually 120 - 250 m (Ref. 27121). Tropical; - 35°S
Southeast Atlantic: Angola round the coast to Port St. Johns, South Africa.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 4107)
Spine dorsali (totale): 3; Raggi dorsali molli (totale): 18-21; Spine anali 0; Raggi anali molli: 14 - 17. Body with 4 dark cross bars; head and body with dark brown spots; soft dorsal and anal fins with irregular oblique dark bands; pectorals pale, with irregular brown bars; caudal dark brown, rear margin pale; large adults with irregular dark ring-like markings on head (Ref. 4107).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Hutchins, J.B., 1986. Batrachoididae. p. 358-361. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4107)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Informazioni ulteriori
Nomi ComuniSinonimiMetabolismoPredatoriEcotossicologiaRiproduzioneMaturitàDeposizioneSpawning aggregationFecundityUovaEgg development
Age/SizeAccrescimentoLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMorfometriaMorfologiaLarveDinamica popolazioni larvaliReclutamentoAbbondanzaBRUVS
BibliografiaAcquacolturaProfilo di acquacolturaVarietàGeneticaElectrophoresesEreditarietàMalattieElaborazioneNutrientsMass conversion
CollaboratoriImmaginiStamps, Coins Misc.SuoniCiguateraVelocitàModalità di nuotoArea branchialeOtolithsCervelliVista
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.6 - 17.9, mean 12.1 °C (based on 39 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).