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Ikan bertulang rawan (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Gymnuridae (Butterfly rays)
Etymology: Gymnura: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335); lessae: Named for Dr. Rosangela Lessa, Brazilian researcher working for the conservation of sharks and rays in her country..
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal). Subtropical
Western Atlantic: USA, from southern Massachusetts and Buzzards Bay to the Gulf of Mexico (including the Gulf Coast of the US and Mexico). And probably may be extended to the northern Caribbean Sea (Bahamas and Jamaica).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.9 cm WD jantan/; (Ref. 116399); 110.0 cm WD (female)
This demersal species lives along the coast on sandy and muddy bottoms. Reported stomach contents include fishes, crustaceans, molluscs and other invertebrates. This species is matrotophic viviparous (lipid histotrophy). Young are reported to be produced from late May through July and into August, and probably even later in the season. Pregnancy is reported to occur during the summer months (Ref. 116399).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Yokota, L. and M.R. de Carvalho, 2017. Taxonomic and morphological revision of butterfly rays of Gymnura micrura (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) species complex, with the description of two new species (Myliobatiformes: Gymnuridae). Zootaxa 4332(1):1-74. (Ref. 116399)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
informasi lanjut
Nama-nama umumSinonim (persamaan)metabolismePemangsaEkotoksikologiReproduksi, perkembang biakanKematanganPemijahanSpawning aggregationFecunditytelur-telurpekembangan telor
Umur / Saiz
Pertumbuhan
panjang-berat
panjang-panjang
ukuran frekuensi
Morfometrik
Morfologi
Larva
Dinamika larva
pemulihan
Kelimpahan
BRUVS
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).