Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
; ນ້ຳຈືດ; ນ້ຳກ່ອຍ ກ່ຽວກັບ (ຢູ່)ເທິງຊັ້ນພື້ນດິນໃນທະເລເປີດ; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19; ກຸ່ມຫຼືຊະນິດປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍພາຍໃນນ້ຳຈືດ (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 23°C - 26°C (Ref. 1672)
Asia: Afghanistan and Baluchistan southward to Sri Lanka and eastward to Indonesia.
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 41236); common length : 16.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 41236)
ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ): 33-36; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 21 - 23. Caudal fin roundly pointed.
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Are broadly adapted species occurring in rivers, lakes, ponds, mountain streams and even brackish water (Ref. 12693). Usually hide under the cover of marginal roots and bogwood. Found in quiet, shaded, clear, flowing water with a silt or gravel substrate (Ref. 6028). Can tolerate very stagnant, poorly oxygenated and turbid water. They also tolerate very foul water (Ref. 1479). Feed largely on insects and crustaceans. A small percentage of fish is also included in the diet. Spawn in shallow water with a silt or gravel substrate. Can tolerate a temperature of 36.5°C.
Exhibits mouthbrooding. Eggs hatch in the mouth of the male and either parent may keep the brood in its mouth for protection after hatching. Fry have been found to feed on successive batches of eggs laid by the female.
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ທີ່ເປັນການຄ້າໜ້ອຍ; ຕູ້ປາ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ
ຂໍ້ມູນຕື່ມອີກ
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງການລ້ຽງສັດນ້ຳຂໍ້ມູນການລ້ຽງສັດນ້ຳສາຍພັນກຳມະພັນElectrophoresesການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກພະຍາດການປຸງແຕ່ງNutrientsMass conversion
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00573 - 0.01519), b=3.04 (2.90 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (Fec = 933).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 112 [59, 246] mg/100g; Iron = 0.785 [0.520, 1.153] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [16.7, 18.6] %; Omega3 = 0.139 [0.071, 0.272] g/100g; Selenium = 25.7 [11.0, 60.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 49.8 [21.1, 112.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.23 [0.86, 1.86] mg/100g (wet weight);
