分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues) >
Notopteridae (Featherbacks or knifefishes) > Notopterinae
Etymology: Chitala: Bangladesh local name; chitala: From rivers of Bengal & Behar..
More on author: Hamilton.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19. 熱帶; 24°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060)
Asia: Indus, Ganges-Brahmaputra and Mahanadi river basins in India. No valid records from Irrawaddy, Salween or other river basins of Myanmar. Reports of Chitala chitala from Thailand and Indo-China were based on Chitala ornata and those from Malaysia and Indonesia on Chitala lopis.
亞洲: 印度河, 恒河-在印度的雅魯藏布江與馬哈維里河流域。 沒有有效紀錄從依洛瓦底江, 薩爾溫江或緬甸的其他河流域。 來自泰國與印度支那的 Chitala chitala 的報告在 Chitala lopis 上是以來自馬來西亞與印尼的 Chitala ornata 與那些為依據。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 75.5 range ? - 91 cm
Max length : 122 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4832); common length : 75.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2686)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 9; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 117 - 127. The only species in which subadults and adults have a series of transverse gold or silver bars on the dorsum, but this color feature is not always present (Ref. 7431). Differs from C. ornata in never having ocellated spots and from C. blanci and C. lopis in never having a black spot on the pectoral fin base (Ref. 7431).
唯一的种在那一个亚成鱼与成鱼有一个在背面上的成列金色或银色的横纹，但是这一个彩色特徵是不常存在的.(参考文献 7431) 在从不有眼状的斑点方面有别于 C. ornata 与从 C. blanci 与 C. lopis 在从不在胸鳍基底上有一个黑色的斑点方面.(参考文献 7431) 在身体侧边上幼鱼有 13 到 15条深色的宽斜的交叉横带。 在他们的基底汇合在一起的腹鳍。 臀鳍与尾鳍续接在一起。 (参考文献 4792)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults inhabit freshwater rivers, lakes, beels, nullahs in the plains (Ref. 41236), reservoirs, canals and ponds (Ref. 1479). Feed on aquatic insects, mollusks, shrimps and small fishes (Ref. 1479). Females lay eggs usually on stake or stump of wood, males fan them with tail, keep them aerated and silt-free, guard them against small catfish and other predators; complete give-away to fishermen; females not observed at egg posts; moderately important food fish (Ref. 2686). Spawn once a year during May to August (Ref. 6459).
栖息于淡水的河，湖， beels ，平原的水道 (参考文献 41236) ，水库，管与池塘。 (参考文献 1479) 吃水生昆虫，软件动物，虾与小鱼。 (参考文献 1479) 通常产卵在木桩或者树木的残枝上面,雄鱼 他们尾部, 使他们被暴露于空气中，而且无淤泥,保卫他们抵抗小的鲶鱼与其他的掠食者; 完成对渔夫的赠品; 母鱼在抱卵后没有被观察到; 一般重要的食用鱼.(参考文献 2686) 每年一次在五月到八月的时候产卵。 (参考文献 6459)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
The male tends the clutch (Ref. 2060).亞洲: 印度河, 恒河-在印度的雅魯藏布江與馬哈維里河流域。 沒有有效紀錄從依洛瓦底江, 薩爾溫江或緬甸的其他河流域。 來自泰國與印度支那的 Chitala chitala 的報告在 Chitala lopis 上是以來自馬來西亞與印尼的 Chitala ornata 與那些為依據。
Roberts, T.R., 1992. Systematic revision of the old world freshwater fish family Notopteridae. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 2(4):361-383. (Ref. 7431)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5166 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00522 - 0.03035), b=3.05 (2.83 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 72.1 [24.2, 211.9] mg/100g; Iron = 1.51 [0.55, 3.74] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [15.7, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.358 [0.132, 0.991] g/100g; Selenium = 104 [32, 279] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.1 [3.8, 70.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.686 [0.386, 1.490] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
