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Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues) >
Notopteridae (Featherbacks or knifefishes) > Notopterinae
Etymology: Chitala: Bangladesh local name; chitala: From rivers of Bengal & Behar..
More on author: Hamilton.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
; স্বাদু পানি তলদেশ বিহারী ; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19. Tropical; 24°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060)
Asia: Indus, Ganges-Brahmaputra and Mahanadi river basins in India. No valid records from Irrawaddy, Salween or other river basins of Myanmar. Reports of Chitala chitala from Thailand and Indo-China were based on Chitala ornata and those from Malaysia and Indonesia on Chitala lopis.
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm 75.5 range ? - 91 cm
Max length : 122 cm SL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 4832); common length : 75.0 cm SL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 2686)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ): 0; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ): 9; পায়ূ কাঁটা 0; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 117 - 127. The only species in which subadults and adults have a series of transverse gold or silver bars on the dorsum, but this color feature is not always present (Ref. 7431). Differs from C. ornata in never having ocellated spots and from C. blanci and C. lopis in never having a black spot on the pectoral fin base (Ref. 7431).
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults inhabit freshwater rivers, lakes, beels, nullahs in the plains (Ref. 41236), reservoirs, canals and ponds (Ref. 1479). Feed on aquatic insects, mollusks, shrimps and small fishes (Ref. 1479). Females lay eggs usually on stake or stump of wood, males fan them with tail, keep them aerated and silt-free, guard them against small catfish and other predators; complete give-away to fishermen; females not observed at egg posts; moderately important food fish (Ref. 2686). Spawn once a year during May to August (Ref. 6459).
Life cycle and mating behavior
পরিপক্কতা | প্রজনন | ডিম ছাড়া | ডিমসমূহ | ডিম্বধারন ক্ষমতা | শুককীট
The male tends the clutch (Ref. 2060).
Roberts, T.R., 1992. Systematic revision of the old world freshwater fish family Notopteridae. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 2(4):361-383. (Ref. 7431)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক ; এ্যাকুয়াকালচার (জলজ পালন) : বাণিজ্যিক; শিকারযোগ্য মাছ: হঁ্যা ; মৎস্যাধার / এ্যাকুয়ারিয়াম : বাণিজ্যিক
হাতিয়ার
Special reports
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5166 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00522 - 0.03035), b=3.05 (2.83 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): মাধ্যম , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১.৪-৪.৪ বৎসর (tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 72.1 [24.2, 211.9] mg/100g; Iron = 1.51 [0.55, 3.74] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [15.7, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.358 [0.132, 0.991] g/100g; Selenium = 104 [32, 279] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.1 [3.8, 70.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.686 [0.386, 1.490] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
