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Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Diplodus: Greek, diploos = twice + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Issue
This subspecies is reported to have no genetic difference between the subspecies Diplodus sargus cadenati. See V.S. Domingues et al. 2007. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 346 (2007):102-113 (F. M. Porteiro, pers.comm. 02/08). Presence in Canary Is. to be reviewed since D. bellottii and D. cadenati are recognized as valid species, not any more as subspecies of D. sargus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; brackish; demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - 50 m (Ref. 12460), usually 0 - 50 m (Ref. 13780). Subtropical; 48°N - 36°S, 29°W - 42°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Northeastern Atlantic from Brittany (France) to Gibraltar, and Madeira I.; Mediterranean Sea and southwestern Black Sea.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); common length : 22.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); max. published weight: 1.9 kg (Ref. 40637); max. reported age: 10 years (Ref. 26328)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 11 - 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12 - 15; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 11 - 14. Body with 5 black and 4 grey vertical bands. Snout is longer than the eye diameter (Ref. 35388).

Inhabits coastal rocky reef areas (Ref. 12460) and Posidonia oceanica beds. Like other sparids, it is very active and frequents the surf zone, primarily at dawn (Ref. 13780). Feeds on shellfish and other benthic invertebrates which it picks from the sediment (Ref. 5377).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Sexes separate or protandrous (Ref. 4781). In some areas, this species occurs as a digynic hermaphrodite, that is, males and females developing from intermediate juveniles (Ref. 52202). However, protandry with possible digyny was later confirmed (Ref. 103751). Reaches sexual maturity at 2 years, with an approximate size of 17 cm. Spawning happens from January to March. Egg size 0.8-0.9 mm; larval length at hatching 2.6 mm. Also Ref. 28504.

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 March 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 15 - 24.1, mean 18.8 °C (based on 400 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.01050 - 0.01315), b=3.04 (3.01 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.11-0.25; tmax=10; tm=2).

Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 5 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (57 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 74.5 [38.6, 152.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.993 [0.559, 1.844] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.8, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.35 [0.20, 0.60] g/100g; Selenium = 20.9 [9.8, 39.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15 [5, 42] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.01 [0.69, 1.43] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Diplodus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758)