| Main Ref. | Liu, J. and C.-S. Li, 1998 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | short and / or deep |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
The halberd-shaped spines of dorsal and anal fins are conspicuous in both juvenile and adult fish and not embedded in skin. Eyes large, eye diameter 2.8-3.5 in head length. Parasphenoid of skull round curve-shaped, orbital fossa large, semi-circular shaped. Otolith thick and solid, its anterior notch shallow. Number of precaudal and caudal vertebrae few, 12-13 + 17 = 29-30. 3rd to 5th haemal spines of caudal vertebrae triangular, flattened and broadest in the middle part of anterior rim. |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | 9 - 11 |
| on upper limb | 3 - 5 |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 7 - 9 |
| Soft-rays total | 34 - 39 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | forked; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 5 - 7 |
| Soft-rays total | 35 - 39 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 22 - 24 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |