| Main Ref. | Kong, I., R. Meléndez and G. Henriquez, 1988 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | no special organs |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | long whip-like tail |
| Body shape lateral | elongated |
| Cross section | compressed |
| Dorsal head profile | more or less straight |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | terminal |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
robust body; eye diameter equal to or slightly shorter than snout; opercular spine strong; preopercle with 2 or 3 more or less distinct spines at lower angle; 1 median basibranchial tooth patch; 1 pelvic fin ray; precaudal vertebrae 13 to 15 (Ref. 34024). |
| Ease of Identification | likely to be confused with closely related species. |
| Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | 24 - 33 |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | extending over most of the back length |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 0 - 0 |
| Soft-rays total | 92 - 104 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | pointed; confluent |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 0 - 0 |
| Soft-rays total | 72 - 86 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 26 - 30 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes reduced to filaments |
| Position jugular before origin of D1 | |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 1 - 1 |