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| Sound produced | yes, active sound production |
| Type of sound produced | thumps, croaks, clucks |
| Sound production organ | swim bladder with drumming muscles in males only and pharyngeal teeth in close proximity to swim bladder in both sexes |
| Sound mechanism | males only: vibration of swim bladder by contraction of associated "drumming" muscles, high-pitched clucking in both sexes produced by stridulation of pharyngeal teeth amplified by swim bladder |
| Behavioural context | spontaneous sound production (high-ptiched croaking associated with breeding season) |
| Reference | Fish, M.P. and W.H. Mowbray, 1970 |
| Remark | outdoor recording during breeding season (includes background noise of e.g. Bairdiella chrysura and Opsanus tau), nocturnal constant chattering chorus often heard in the field |