| Main Ref. | Thompson, P., 1985 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. |
| Reproductive guild |
guarders nesters |
| Parental Care | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Nests side by side arranged in dense colonies near shore. Male digs nest and defends territory during prespawning period. Female approaches nesting colony when nest completed. Mating pairs swim in circles over nest, stop for short intervals to release sperm and egg. Male may chase mate away from nest, female may come back to same nest or move on to mate with another (Ref 4543). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |