ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ | Yáñes-Arancibia, A., A.L. Lara-Domínguez and J.W. Day Jr., 1993 |
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ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | Occurs in shallow neritic areas, over shallow mud to sand-mud bottoms; less common in areas with clear water and coral reef habitats (Ref. 5217). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 |
ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 |
Estimation method | ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ | ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ | ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ | 3.54 | 0.51 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ | |||||
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 |