| Main Ref. | Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Body dark-brown or black; margin of scale pockets especially dark; area immediately anterior to anal origin densely pigmented and not transparent; peritoneum black, ending above area between 3rd and 4th VAV, usually invisible from the outside (Ref. 559). Gill lamellae free and reduced (Ref. 559). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | 13 - 18 |
| on upper limb | 7 - 10 |
| total | 21 - 23 |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total | 31 - 33 |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 0 - 0 |
| Soft-rays total | 12 - 15 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes | more or less truncate; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 0 - 0 |
| Soft-rays total | 17 - 20 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 9 - 11 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 6 - 7 |