| Main Ref. | Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Yes. Ref. Hobday, D.K. and J.W.J. Wankowski, 1987 |
| Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | It is likely that this species spawn more than once during the spawning period, and that some eggs are resorbed by females at the end of the spawning season (Ref. 27577). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |