Main Ref. | Zaret, T.M., 1980 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | external |
Mating type | |
Spawning frequency | Two seasonal peaks per year |
Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
Batch spawner | Yes. Ref. Zaret, T.M., 1980 |
Reproductive guild |
guarders clutch tenders |
Parental Care | biparental |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Spawning, with rare exceptions, takes place on a flat, horizontal surface which is either bare to begin with, or cleared of algae or other vegetation during the spawning activities. The female moves forward laying a single row of eggs and the male follows exuding sperm over each row. Once the eggs have hatched, the parents transport the larvae in their mouths to one of the depression nests. |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |