| 主要參考文獻 | Thresher, R.E., 1984 |
| 模態 | dioecism |
| 受精 | external |
| Mating type | |
| 產卵頻度 | |
| Spawning aggregation | 參考文獻 |
| 批次產卵者 | 參考文獻 |
| 生殖同功群 |
bearers external brooders |
| Parental Care | |
| 生命周期與交配行為的描述 | Mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205). |
| 搜尋有關繁殖更多的參考資料 | Scirus |