Hyphessobrycon procyon Pastana & Ohara, 2016
photo by Hoffmann, P. and M. Hoffmann

Family:  Characidae (Characins; tetras), subfamily: Stethaprioninae
Max. size:  3.22 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater; depth range 0 - 2 m
Distribution:  South America: Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 9-9; Anal soft rays: 23-26; Vertebrae: 32-32. This species is distinguished from all its congeners, except diastatos, elachys, heliacus, loweae, notidanos, peugeoti and the Hyphessobrycon species of the rosy-tetra group (sensu Weitzman & Palmer, 1997), by having the dorsal-fin elongated in mature males (vs. not elongated); differs from Hyphessobrycon species of the rosy-tetra group by the absence of a dark blotch on dorsal-fin (vs. presence); differs from the remaining Hyphessobrycon species by having two humeral blotches (vs. one in heliacus, notidanos, peugeoti, loweae; humeral blotch inconspicuous or absent in elachys, diastatus); differs from diastatos, elachys, otidanos, loweae by having a higher number of branched anal-fin rays 23-26 (vs.15-18 in diastatos; 16-20 in elachys; 17-20 in notidanos; 17-21 in loweae); from heliacus by having the pelvic fin not filamentous in adult males (vs. pelvic-fin filamentous), and by chevron-like dark markings along the midline of the body absent or inconspicuous (vs. present and conspicuous); differs from peugeoti by having a silvery to yellowish color in live mature males (vs. mature males red in life), and higher number of branched anal-fin rays, 23-26, modally, 25 (vs. 21-24, modally, 22) (Ref. 128639). Description: D ii.9; A iv,23-26; pectoral I,10-12; pelvic I,7; gill rakers on first gill arch 17-18 (Ref. 128639).
Biology:  Type locality of this species is a clear water river 40 m wide, 0.5-2 m deep, with swift current, rocky bottom, and reduced riparian vegetation, probably due to anthropogenic activities. Syntopic species included were Ancistrus sp., Characidium aff. zebra, Crenicichla pellegrini, Eigenmannia gr. trilineata, Farlowella amazonum , Gymnotus coropinae, Helogenes marmoratus, Hyphessobrycon sp., Leporinus maculatus, Moenkhausia comma, Moenkhausia collettii , Otocinclus mura, Pimelodella cf. howesi, Poptella compressa, Satanoperca jurupari and Tatia dunni. The stomach contents of the two paratypes included nematoids, chironomids larvae, unidentified vegetal fragments and sediments (Ref. 128639).
IUCN Red List Status: Not Evaluated (N.E.) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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