Ecology of Umbra pygmaea
 
Main Ref. Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991
Remarks Occur in quiet streams, sloughs, swamps and other wetlands over sand, mud and debris, often among dense vegetation. Juveniles also found among aquatic vegetation, often forming schools of 10-12 individuals (Ref. 39069). Wide range of occurrence with respect to the pH of the water, the habitats are characterized by low alkalinity and ionic content (Ref. 59260). Feeds on insect larvae, worms, mollusks, and crustaceans (Ref. 30578).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Umbra pygmaea may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Soft Bottom: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats vegetation
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref. Gordon, M.S., 1948
Associations schooling;
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Billard, R., 1997
Feeding habit variable
Feeding habit Ref.
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
From individual food items 3.25 0.39 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. cnidaria)
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