| 主要參考文獻 | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
|---|---|
| 附註 | Primarily a shallow-water benthic species found on sand and rubble bottoms (Ref. 5246). Builds mounds of rubble and shell fragments near reefs and grass beds; enters its mound head first when frightened (Ref. 5246). Feeds mainly on stomatopods, fishes, polychaete worms, chitons, sea urchins, sea stars, amphipods and shrimps (Ref. 3644). Micro/macroinvertivore (Ref. 33499). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand;: rubble; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| 參考文獻 | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| 攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| 攝取食物的習慣 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2005 |
| Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 從食物內容 | 3.71 | 0.32 | 3.53 | 0.47 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| 從個別的食物項目 | 3.50 | 0.37 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
| 參考文獻 | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||