主な参照 | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
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意見 | Pelagic species which occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Usually solitary or in pairs. Adult occurs singly and inhabits clear lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Juvenile found in estuaries. Young usually found in summer (Ref. 4887). Primarily feeds nocturnally but may also feed to a lesser extent during the day (Ref. 122680). Feeds on crustaceans (like crabs and spiny lobsters) and fishes at night (Ref. 4887). Large individual may be ciguatoxic. It’s the largest trevally, reaching 1.7 m in length and a weight of over 60 kg (Ref. 48635). Spawns on shallow seaward reefs and offshore banks (Ref. 37816). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
供給様式 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
食性 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
Estimation method | 原本のサンプル | Unfished population | 意見 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
餌料組成から | 4.22 | 0.41 | 4.14 | 0.65 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
個々の食物品目から | 4.48 | 0.76 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
参照 | Sudekum, A.E., J.D. Parrish, R.L. Radtke and S. Ralston, 1991 |