| 主な参照 | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 |
|---|---|
| 意見 | Commonly occurs between 200 and 600 m on silty or muddy bottoms at temperatures ranging from -0.1°C to -1.8°C and salinities ranging from 34.8 to 34.9 0/oo (Ref. 37512). It is preyed upon by thick-billed murres (Ref. 5951). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| 参照 | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| 供給様式 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 |
| 食性 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 |
| Estimation method | 原本のサンプル | Unfished population | 意見 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 餌料組成から | 3.29 | 0.22 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| 個々の食物品目から | 3.50 | 0.50 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
| 参照 | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 | ||||