ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ | Allen, G.R., 1989 |
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ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | Inhabits creeks and rivers, usually in cool, clear waters over gravel bottoms in sections alternating between pools and rapids. Often form large schools especially prior to spawning. Feeds on small crustaceans, insects and their larvae and algae. Spawn: Feb.-May; 25,000-68,000 eggs which sink to bottom downstream of spawning site. Hatching: 10-20 days; larvae, 6-7 mm TL, swept downstream to estuaries/sea, return to freshwater after 6 mos. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1989 |
ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1989 |
Estimation method | ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ | ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ | ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ | |||||
ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ | 2.75 | 0.34 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ |