Ecology Summary - Mullus surmuletus

言語:

主な参照	Olaso, I. and E. Rodriguez-Marin, 1995
意見	Abundant near the coast, in the stratum between 10 and 100 m. Occurs on broken and rough grounds but also found over sand and soft bottoms at depths less than 100 m. Depth range from 5-60 m (Ref. 7313) and from 305-409 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feeds on benthic organisms such as shrimps and amphipods, polychaetes, mollusks, and benthic fishes; also on benthic carnivores that live on or within the bottom substrates (Ref. 44511).

主な参照

Olaso, I. and E. Rodriguez-Marin, 1995

意見

Abundant near the coast, in the stratum between 10 and 100 m. Occurs on broken and rough grounds but also found over sand and soft bottoms at depths less than 100 m. Depth range from 5-60 m (Ref. 7313) and from 305-409 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feeds on benthic organisms such as shrimps and amphipods, polychaetes, mollusks, and benthic fishes; also on benthic carnivores that live on or within the bottom substrates (Ref. 44511).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	河口/潟/汽水性の海 mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds 洞窟もっぱら

Highighted items on the list are where Mullus surmuletus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Hard Bottom;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

参照
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

供給

供給様式	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Olaso, I. and E. Rodriguez-Marin, 1995
食性	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	原本のサンプル		Unfished population		意見
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	意見
餌料組成から	3.45	0.29			Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies.
個々の食物品目から	3.46	0.48			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
参照	Golani, D., 1994

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