| Κύρια Αναφ. | Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990 |
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| Σχόλια | Occurs inshore (Ref. 75154). Found over sandy bottoms of coastal areas and also in areas with some seagrass or algae. Ranges to a depth of over 18 m. Feeds mainly on hard-shelled prey, including molluscs and crustaceans. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; |
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| Substrate Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Gell, F.R. and M.W. Whittington, 2002 |
| Αναφ. | |
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| Associations | |
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| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Τροφικός Τύπος | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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| Feeding type Ref. | Gomon, M.F. and J.E. Randall, 1984 |
| Τροφική Συνήθεια | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Gomon, M.F. and J.E. Randall, 1984 |
| Estimation method | Αρχικό δείγμα | Μη αλιευμένος πληθυσμός | Σχόλιο | ||
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| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Από σύσταση δίαιτας | |||||
| Από ατομικά τροφικά αντικείμενα | 3.55 | 0.50 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Αναφ. | |||||